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Thursday, August 29, 2013

Ditch the "Dead Weight"


As I was getting ready for a book signing last night, I flipped to my chapter in The Champagne Diet titled "Ditch the Dead Weight." This is probably the single most important chapter and concept in the entire book. As long as we are accepting toxic people, a crappy job, or a soul-sucking relationship into our lives, we will never, ever get healthy emotionally and physically. EVAH.

Are you having trouble letting go of the bullshit that doesn't serve you? Because I'm feeling extra loving this week, I am offering FREE 20 minute "Ditch the Dead Weight" laser coaching sessions to anyone who feels they need it. That's right: you and me, on the phone for 20 minutes, figuring out what the hell is in your way and coming up with a plan to let. it. go so that you can sparkle and shine like a proper Champagne Girl should.

Are you in? Email me to book your free session so you can kick that garbage to the curb where it belongs.

Wednesday, August 28, 2013

Things that make you go "Struth!"

I was wading through my Facebook News Feed when I spotted THIS. That article led me to New approach to coeliac testing identifies more Australians at risk, which in turn led me to A novel serogenetic approach determines the community prevalence of celiac disease and informs improved diagnostic pathways (provisional pdf), where I saw: "HLA-DQ2.5, DQ8, or DQ2.2 was present in 56% of all women and men in the community cohorts."
HLA-DQ2.5, DQ8 & DQ2.2 are the alleles for Coeliac/Celiac Disease (CD).
Image from http://www.clker.com/clipart-tango-face-surprise.html
"Transglutaminase (TG)-2 IgA and composite TG2/deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) IgA/IgG were abnormal in 4.6% and 5.6%, respectively, of the community women and 6.9% and 6.9%, respectively, of the community men, but in the screen-positive group, only 71% and 75%, respectively, of women and 65% and 63%, respectively, of men possessed HLADQ2.5, DQ8, or DQ2.2."
There were abnormalities in ~5% of Australian women & ~7% of Australian men, even in those who didn't carry CD alleles.

"...but based on relative risk for HLA-DQ2.5, DQ8, or DQ2.2 in all TG2 IgA or TG2/DGP IgA/IgG screen-positive subjects, CD affected 1.3% or 1.9%, respectively, of females and 1.3% or 1.2%, respectively, of men."
~1.6% of Australian women & ~1.3% of Australian men have CD.

From the discussion: "The concept of a ‘celiac iceberg’ has been important in drawing attention to a large, unrecognized group of patients with CD who do report symptoms considered ‘typical’ of CD [29]. Investigators have proposed expansion of the ‘iceberg’ to encompass patients who are genetically susceptible to CD, but show only raised IEL counts or an isolated abnormal CDspecific serology and normal intestinal histology [30-32]. Consequently, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the true extent of gluten-mediated disease in the community.

Random thoughts: About 1 in 20 Australian women & about 1 in 15 Australian men have some kind of a gut problem (IBS?) due to gliadin, even in those who don't carry CD alleles. The following made me smile.
"Making a diagnosis based on a blood test alone or commencing a gluten-free diet without a confirmatory bowel biopsy is inappropriate and can impose an unnecessary and lifelong treatment."
'Cos life without wheat, rye, barley & oats is such an imposition (undue burden) and everyone just loves to be given a bowel biopsy. <- sarcasm alert.

From Ancestry of Australian population: "More than 92 percent of all Australians descend from Europeans. Anglo-Celtic Australians (English, Scottish, Welsh, Cornish or Irish ancestral origin) make up 74 percent of the Australian population."
Most Australians have genes that originate from Britain & Europe. Uh-oh!

Why do only a small percentage of people carrying the CD allele go on to develop CD? I believe that it's down to luck. During digestion, gliadins are snipped into fragments & amino acids by the peptidase enzymes pepsin, trypsin & chymotrypsin. Gliadin fragments that contain the wrong triplet of amino acids and that manage to slip through excessively-loose tight junctions may trigger CD. Once the "damage is done", it only takes a tiny amount of gliadin to provoke an immune response.

WIAW #100

It's my 100th WIAW, can you believe it? 

It somehow seems like a fitting way to end the summer, since next week classes begin again.

Peas and Crayons

In honor of the 100th WIAW and the conclusion of my wonderful summer, this post is travel-themed!

Lufthansa JFK -> FRA vegetarian breakfast meal
Like this delicious Lufthansa breakfast on my flight from JFK to FRA earlier this month. A Nature Valley Oats & Honey Granola Bar, a soft roll, jam, margarine, and berries - a great light breakfast before an early morning landing!

Or, from New York...


I could make a new Whole Foods compilation every day!


And sometimes I do...


Like when I'm staying in a hostel for the very first time in my life!


And, surprisingly, loving it despite sharing a room with 12 girls. I'll have to do it again - it's a great way to save money, meet new people, and be in the middle of it all!


And saving money means you can splurge on expensive food purchases.




And Juice Generation Ravioli with its very generous cashew cream cheese, pesto sauce, and fresh kale? Love.


Just as much as Organic Avenue Veggie Tahini Wraps. Seriously, why don't we have these kinds of places in Boston??

Though it's probably a good thing, because their high prices totally blow my food budget...


Making it very advisable to kickback with some random ice cream-fruit-bean bowls, nut butter, and microwaved Quest bars (though most of the bar disappeared into my stomach while making this...)

I'm so delighted that I had the chance to go to Germany this year!



Not just because of the candy (and chocolate).



Though Nutella straight from the jar, or on a fresh breakfast bun, is a convincing argument



But I just love the country, culture, food in general, and getting to spend the time with my family! I just don't see them often enough.


We're a diverse bunch (teehee, see above) but everyone is wonderful. I have only a day and a half left to spend with family before it's back to school (I probably won't see my mom and little sister again until December, boooo) so I'm going to go spend some time with them now. Have a lovely day!

How often do you see your family?

How old were you when you moved out? I was thirteen #boardingschoolproblems (but PEA was THE. BEST.)

What's your favorite treat of the moment?

Tuesday, August 27, 2013

More Thoughts on Cold Training: Biology Chimes In

Now that the concept of cold training for cold adaptation and fat loss has received scientific support, I've been thinking more about how to apply it.  A number of people have been practicing cold training for a long time, using various methods, most of which haven't been scientifically validated.  That doesn't mean the methods don't work (some of them probably do), but I don't know how far we can generalize individual results prior to seeing controlled studies.

The studies that were published two weeks ago used prolonged, mild cold exposure (60-63 F air) to achieve cold adaptation and fat loss (12).  We still don't know whether or not we would see the same outcome from short, intense cold exposure such as a cold shower or brief cold water plunge.  Also, the fat loss that occurred was modest (5%), and the subjects started off lean rather than overweight.  Normally, overweight people lose more fat than lean people given the same fat loss intervention, but this possibility remains untested.  So the current research leaves a lot of stones unturned, some of which are directly relevant to popular cold training concepts.

In my last post on brown fat, I mentioned that we already know a lot about how brown fat activity is regulated, and I touched briefly on a few key points.  As is often the case, understanding the underlying biology provides clues that may help us train more effectively.  Let's see what the biology has to say.

Biology of Temperature Regulation

Read more »

Exercise is Therapy



I work out to clear my head, to bring me peace, and to take me away from it all, even if only for an hour. What's your reason?


Monday, August 26, 2013

False dichotomies: serum cholesterol level vs all-cause mortality. Cause or effect?

Here are some plots from the MRFIT study.
From http://sph.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/PH/PH709_Heart/PH709_Heart5.html

Although the relative risk (RR) for coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortalities increase with serum total cholesterol (TC) level, all-cause mortality follows a U-curve.

According to Low Serum Cholesterol and Mortality: Which Is the Cause and Which Is the Effect?, certain illnesses that increase mortality lower TC levels. This is the Iribarren hypothesis.

According to Cholesterol and all-cause mortality in elderly people from the Honolulu Heart Program: a cohort study, TC that's low and is still low 20 years later results in a 64% increase in the RR for mortality relative to TC that's intermediate and is still intermediate 20 years later.

Table 4 Relative risk for mortality based on change in cholesterol between examinations three and four
Is low TC level the cause of, or the effect of fatal illnesses? I think that it's both. Cholesterol is an important substance, as a severe lack of it is bad news, as per Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome. If certain illnesses result in a depletion of cholesterol and cholesterol synthesis is too low, there's insufficient cholesterol to allow recovery.

Interestingly, TC that's low but is intermediate 20 years later results in a 30% increase in the RR for mortality, whereas TC that's low but is high 20 years later results in a 5% increase in the RR for mortality.

P.S. There's a false dichotomy for vitamin D level vs illness. Ditto for carbohydrates vs calories.

Saturday, August 24, 2013

Molested milk: there's more to it than bovine xanthine oxidase.

The idea for the title came from Molested fats, Op. 139. Thank you, Bill!
Image from http://suppversity.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/mutant-milk-new-research-fuels-flames.html

Homogenising/homogenizing milk has certain advantages, as per Creaming and homogenization.
"No link has been found between atherosclerosis and milk consumption." Hurrah! Not so fast...

According to Mutant Milk!? New Research Fuels the Flames on Hushed Up Concerns About Ill Health Effects of Homogenized Milk, homogenised milk has a different effect in the body (and not in a good way, if you're over-fat) from non-homogenised milk.
"...mice who received the regular formula with small lipid droplets were fatter and had compromised lipid and blood glucose levels, as well as pathologically increased leptin levels." Yeah, mice.

I drink Tesco Finest Channel Island Milk (a.k.a. Gold Top Milk). It's "past your eyes" (by law, all shop-bought milk in the UK must be pasteurised) but unhomogenised milk from grass-fed (during the summer) cows. During the summer, the cream is much more yellow than during the winter. To distribute the fat throughout the milk, you have to shake the bottle. Does that smash the milk fat globules to buggery? I think not.

Raw (i.e. unpasteurised) milk is legal in the UK, but the nearest farm where I can buy it is Meadow Cottage Farm in Churt. I used to buy it from them at a Farmer's Market in Aldershot, but that closed.

EDIT: I just noticed something in Why Doesn’t Medical Care Get Better When Doctors Rest More? (hat-tip to Yoni Freedhoff).
"Take heart failure—the most common reason for admission to the hospital in the United States—and a problem that I, as a cardiologist, deal with often." In the US, heart failure is now more common than blocked coronary arteries. See Is Coenzyme Q10 a supplement or a drug? It all depends. Statins reduce Coenzyme Q10 synthesis. Just saying.

Friday, August 23, 2013

Best On Campus Jobs

The new school year is starting soon (or already has started, for some!) and that means it's time to start thinking about lots of things - what classes to take, who your new roommates might be, what the chances of getting a good TA are (or at least native English speakers), and how you're going to pay for all those books.

You know, to reduce the post-graduation debt burden.


In line with my last post about cool term-time jobs, here are some on-campus jobs that I recommend. I've worked some of these, but some of these are also jobs that friends have had and enjoyed. I hope it helps!

1) Library Student Work Position

I had the pleasure of working in one of Harvard's many magnificent libraries for almost two years, before scheduling issues meant I had to resign. It really is a great job because you learn how to navigate the library and you get first dibs on books - both super handy come exam time!

You also get to see a lot of books come in and out, so some interesting titles might catch your eye that you otherwise wouldn't have been exposed to. If you love books, it's a great job!

Haha, my life
Added bonus? On really slow days, you can either get to know your coworkers or do a little of your own reading, as long as you keep an eye out for library patrons.

2) Something in Dining

Whether you're working a register at a retail dining location on campus, serving food at a faculty dining facility (read: fancy-schmancy version of a dining hall), or working in a cafeteria, these positions often come with some tasty bonuses.

Free veritaffles? One can only dream.
If you're closing shift at a cafe, for example, you might get to take some day-old pastries home! Other positions often offer a free meal per shift or some sort of discount. Since you have to eat anyway if you want to be any kind of successful, it's a great way to earn money will simultaneously saving money on your grocery budget. Double win!

3) Flyering

One of the greatest things about flyering positions (aka, those jobs where you walk all around campus hanging up posters) is the flexibility. You'll often get a big stack of materials and a deadline, but when you actually do it is flexible as long as it's done before the deadline. So if you prefer to work in thirty minute intervals between classes and engagements, that's totally up to you!

Another great bonus is that you get fresh air and exercise (walking around putting up the posters) and that these jobs can sometimes serve as entries into more interesting, creatively demanding marketing positions. Positions that might even lead to something cool post-graduation!

4) Bartending

I had a friend who worked as a bartender and loved it. This job wouldn't be anything for me and it certainly requires a certain type of personality and sleep-wake schedule, but if you're a regular night owl and love partying, it's a very social job with lots of tip potential.


My friend loved being able to make up her own mixed drinks!

5) On-campus Representative

I'm a little wary of putting this one on the list, since these sorts of jobs are generally physically on-campus, but from off-campus employers. Still, if you're a very public person, a trend setter, or that kid that everyone knows, this could be a great job for you. Essentially, a company (say: Red Bull) pays you to represent them on campus, distribute flyers and ads, talk them up at events, and just generally be their face at on-campus events.

Polar bears, the mascot of Pfoho House, charging the yard at 8.30AM to deliver housing assignments to freshmen students
PfoHo Polar Bears at Harvard - not actually on-campus reps, just folks with way too much house (= Harvard version of dorms) pride. Especially for people who live in the Quad (=the land of far, far, faaar away)
This isn't a job for shy folks, but it can be a ton of fun for social butterflies - and a great way to get to know even more people!

The best way to find a job that speaks to you (though do bear in mind that the nature of the on-campus job is not one that is generally conducive to finding your dream job) is to contact the student employment office at your school. Many schools have online job databases with available positions. Talking to friends who work also never hurts, nor does going directly to a job (ie: the school library) and asking about employment opportunities.

Good luck!

What term-time job do you have?

How many hours do you work during the school year?

Have you had any of these jobs? Or do you have any to add to the list?

Parenting Without Disorder: It's Not Too Late to Role Model

"Thank you, thank you, for normalizing (re-normalizing?) normal food and normal eating! As a mom, I am also doing my best to give these attitudes to my family. My challenge, besides the fact that I deal with my own food issues, is an overeating spouse who likes to bring the child along on his path. Would you ever address anything like that? How we, with food issues, deal with being responsible in our families for being the provider of nutrition and shaper, to some degree, of the attitudes there? I always look forward to your posts! Thank you!"

I grew up on Whoopie Pies but I prefer a
good scone these days.
Thank you, SC Grace, for asking and prompting this post. It is not too late to change your eating, nor to model a healthy relationship with food, even if you've struggled during your own childhood. So I'll share a bit about my own experience as a child, a young adult, and as a mom.

I grew up on Lucky Charms and Capt’n Crunch for breakfast. Mayonnaise sandwiches on Wonder white bread was my frequent snack of choice which I'd help myself to; I’d pull a chair up to the refrigerator to reach the shiny metal bread box at the top, clad in my Pjs, while my mom slept early am—I was preschool age then. I don't think I was sneaking—although I don't know what she'd have said if she found me climbing above the fridge and eating.

I ate everything, including cooked-to-death canned vegetables—I loved the rubbery mushrooms and the flaccid asparagus spear pieces the best—and fried liver and onions. Really.  Casseroles made with those goopy canned soups—high in fat, saturated fat, and sodium, and low in fiber—these were the norms. And I guess even then I paid attention to how I experienced food.  I was free to eat cookies—and ice cream and cakes—but only after I finished my meal. Somehow that was never a problem for me. I do recall many a comment about what an appetite I had. Yes, compared to sedentary adults who were not growing, my needs, like those of all growing children, were great.

I never encouraged grapefruit--it was just always one of his favorites.
Go figure.
Then my mom went through her dieting jags. I turned to grapefruit and dry toast with black coffee and salads for lunch—just vinegar, please. Fish, cooked dry—and it tasted it—with merely a sprinkle of all-the same-on-everything seasoning. Oh, and plenty of cottage cheese—low fat of course. No fresh garlic, just powdered. No herbs. No tasty olive oil. Minimal pleasure, I’ll add.

Yup, it's me in my college years. (As promised, Cate!)
And when I was college age and gained more than the freshman fifteen, I was told that I could use to lose about 20 pounds. There was no exploration of the why, no guidance on the how. My mom did instruct me to hold my stomach in, however. I restricted my eating at times, and binged at others. I became rigid about how things were prepared (heaven forbid there was something added that I didn't know about) and I even had a short-lived period as a vegetarian.

Fast forward


Over the years, my own eating normalized. Yes, I realize that's a rather passive statement. I can't quite say how it happened, though, as I never sought help—I never had something one would have known how to label back then. By today's DSM, I'd be labeled a restrictive binge eater.

And then, of course, I became an RD, and after some years, had a family.

Some things will come intuitively--if you let them be.
In spite of my profession, my sons were the least educated of all their classmates in areas of food and nutrition. They didn't know a carb from a fat, and were never taught that they had to finish their 'healthy' food before eating dessert. Ice cream was an acceptable snack—when it was eaten in the kitchen, at the table, no TV in sight. French toast, pancakes and waffles with real maple syrup the norm in our home. They did know that Frosted Flakes was more candy then cereal—and they were tuned in to be critical viewers of the media. It never struck me as problematic when my son had a fuller build, appropriate before his adolescent growth spurt.

In their later years of high school and into college the discussions began. They wanted to know if what they were hearing was true—like whey protein for muscle development? And what’s the story about eating late at night? And are refined carbs as bad as they say?

But really, they already knew the answers. They knew from seeing how we ate that a varied diet was appropriate. And they heard that food was something to be consumed both for fuel and for pleasure. They learned that food was neither to be used as a treat, a reward for good behavior, nor to be withheld as a punishment for bad behavior nor for eating too much. And they had learned to trust their bodies.

And now?


I just spent 4 days on a mini vacation with my husband and my 2 20+year old sons, and what I heard and saw only reaffirms this parenting approach.


I learned that my elder son mixes his cereals at work, where he eats breakfast daily on workdays.  Approximately one third is Frosted Flakes, 2/3 regular Cheerios. Or, there's Kashi Heart to Heart—with a bit of Lucky Charms thrown in—for sugar, or maybe even nostalgia, I suspect. And at our local dairy where the ice cream is oh-so-rich and the portions are crazy large, my almost 6'2” boys order a ‘kiddie’—a single scoop—because it’s just as much as they need.

My adult kids enjoy fine food out—and their share of cheap, quick food—but in moderation. Son #2 would choose fresh blueberries or a fruit laden dessert over chocolate any day. And they’re both as excited about the farm-fresh tomatoes we’ve recently gotten as I am. Meals are eaten at the table—eating in the bedroom or the family room is just not happening—at least when they're home; I can’t speak for what happens in their own space.

They might be momentarily engaged with some texting, but for the most part, meals are mindfully consumed. They talk about the flavors—their preference for one vinegar or oil over another—and they choose foods they enjoy. They are foodies—with all that connotes—but mostly it speaks to their appreciation for how food tastes. Both my sons enjoy eating—and cooking.

As for spouses: I could never have raised my kids as I did if my husband countered my messages with talk of 'good foods' vs 'bad foods'. Or if he told them that they couldn't have seconds. Or if he continually prompted them to eat—even if they weren't hungry.
Most important, talk to your partner so you can be consistent in the message you put out there. And when your spouse isn’t on board, address the issue away from the ears of your children. Arguing around food is the last thing you want to be doing. Food and eating shouldn’t be stressful.

Educate your partner—do they get it? Maybe they have no reason to get it, given little personal experience with a food struggle. Or maybe they are so stuck in their patterns that they aren’t too self aware. Perhaps you can make the connections for them. They just might need some direction.

Remember it's not too late to modify your approach—just be consistent with your message. Focus on health and self care, on listening to and respecting one's body, versus targeting a change in weight.

Hope that helps.


Comments are both welcome and encouraged! Thanks for reading.

Thursday, August 22, 2013

5 Gluten-Free Potato Salad Recipes

Gluten-Free Vegan Potato Salad - Simplicity
Gluten-Free Vegan Potato Salad - Simplicity

I am thinking of you. As I pack. Folding linens into squares (next to impossible with fitted sheets). Wrestling with rebellious hangers. Cradling white soup plates in sheets of recycled paper. Boxing and taping and labeling our material life once again. Our seven year journey westward now migrating east. Back to the Cape.

Cape Cod, Massachusetts.

Where we first met.

Where we first touched, shaking hands goodbye at the end of a six week painting class (it would take you two and a half years to call me and invite me for coffee).

Where I raked up a post-hurricane marriage and as I sorted through tree limbs and debris saw the biggest rainbow curve high above the destruction.

Where I set up my freedom cottage as a single mother, living in 350 square feet by wits and faith.

Where I learned to trust my instincts. And snip free the soft lies agreed upon.

Where you finally did call.

Where we began our marriage. Our life as parents. Best friends. Lovers. Painters.

Where I most feel at home. By the New England sea.

Returning. With sand in my shoes that I never shook free.



Read more + get the recipe >>

R.I.P. HP Deskjet F380. Long Live HP Deskjet 3520.

Last year, I had a problem with my HP Deskjet F380, in HP Deskjet F380 Ink Cartridge Error. On Monday 19th August, it happened again. This time, I threw the baby out with the bathwater and bought a new HP Deskjet 3520 e-All-in-One printer/scanner/copier (the F380 was over 6 years old).
From http://www.shopping.hp.com/en_US/home-office/-/products/Printers/HP-Deskjet/CX056A

This product has mixed reviews - people either love it or they hate it.

My initial observations:- It makes a lot of whirring noises - I hope this doesn't mean that it's going to wear out quickly. I like the fact that it can do double-sided printing. I like the fact that the menu screen is easily readable, with the printer on the floor underneath a telephone table. I don't like the fact that I can no longer see a print preview when printing from Notepad. I will use WordPad from now on. I prefer to not use "fancy" word processors like Microsoft Works Word Processor or Microsoft Word for simple documents like lyric/chord sheets. I can control all functions from my lap-top. Although the product has wireless capability, I'm using a USB cable, as with the F380.

Having imported an existing lyric/chord sheet into WordPad, I've reduced all margins to 3mm, as the HP 3520 adds borders by default. I've also had to use bold face to make the text as easy to read in dim light (typical open mic night setting) as the old sheets.

Wednesday, August 21, 2013

Reflections on the 2013 Ancestral Health Symposium

I just returned from the 2013 Ancestral Health Symposium in Atlanta.  Despite a few challenges with the audio/visual setup, I think it went well.

I arrived on Thursday evening, and so I missed a few talks that would have been interesting to attend, by Mel Konner, Nassim Taleb, Gad Saad, and Hamilton Stapell.  Dr. Konner is one of the progenitors of the modern Paleo movement.  Dr. Saad does interesting work on consummatory behavior, reward, and its possible evolutionary basis.  Dr. Stapell is a historian with an interest in the modern Paleo movement.  He got some heat for suggesting that the movement is unlikely to go truly mainstream, which I agree with.  I had the opportunity to spend quite a bit of time with him and found him to be an interesting person.

On Friday, Chris Kresser gave a nice talk about the potential hidden costs of eradicating our intestinal parasites and inadvertently altering our gut flora.  Unfortunately it was concurrent with Chris Masterjohn so I'll have to watch his talk on fat-soluble vitamins when it's posted.  I spent most of the rest of the day practicing my talk.

On Saturday morning, I gave my talk "Insulin and Obesity: Reconciling Conflicting Evidence".  I think it went well, and the feedback overall was very positive, both on the content and the delivery.  The conference is fairly low-carb-centric and I know some people disagree with my perspective on insulin, and that's OK.   The-question-and-answer session after the talk was also productive, with some comments/questions from Andreas Eenfeldt and others.  With the completion of this talk, I've addressed the topic to my satisfaction and I don't expect to spend much more time on it unless important new data emerge.  The talk will be freely available online at some point, and I expect it to become a valuable resource for people who want to learn more about the relationship between insulin and obesity.  It should be accessible to anyone with a little bit of background in the subject, but it will also be informative to most researchers.

After my talk, I attended several other good presentations.  Dan Pardi gave a nice talk on the importance of sleep and the circadian rhythm, how it works, how the modern world disrupts it, and how to fix it.  The relationship between sleep and health is a very hot area of research right now, it fits seamlessly with the evolutionary perspective, and Pardi showed off his high level of expertise in the subject.  He included the results of an interesting sleep study he conducted as part of his doctoral work at Stanford, showing that sleep restriction makes us more likely to choose foods we perceive as unhealthy.

Sleep and the circadian rhythm was a recurrent theme at AHS13.  A lot of interesting research is emerging on sleep, body weight, and health, and the ancestral community has been quick to embrace this research and integrate it into the ancestral health template.  I think it's a big piece of the puzzle.

Jeff Rothschild gave a nice summary of the research on time-restricted feeding, body weight and health in animal models and humans.  Research in this area is expanding and the results are pretty interesting, suggesting that when you restrict a rodent's feeding window to the time of day when it would naturally consume food (rather than giving constant access during both day and night), it becomes more resistant to obesity even when exposed to a fattening diet.  Rothschild tied this concept together with circadian regulation in a compelling way.  Since food is one of the stimuli that sets the circadian clock, Rothschild proposes to eat when the sun is up, and not when it's down, synchronizing eating behavior with the natural seasonal light rhythm.  I think it's a great idea, although it wouldn't be practical for me to implement it currently.  Maybe someday if I have a more flexible schedule.  Rothschild is about to publish a review paper on this topic as part of his master's degree training, so keep your eyes peeled.

Kevin Boyd gave a very compelling talk about malocclusion (underdeveloped jaws and crowded teeth) and breathing problems, particularly those occurring during sleep.  Malocclusion is a modern epidemic with major health implications, as Dr. Boyd showed by his analysis of ancient vs. modern skulls.  The differences in palate development between our recent ancestors (less than 200 years ago) and modern humans are consistent and striking, as Weston Price also noted a century ago.  Dr. Boyd believes that changing infant feeding practices (primarily the replacement of breast feeding with bottle feeding) is the main responsible factor, due to the different mechanical stimulation it provides, and he's proposing to test that hypothesis using the tools of modern research.  He's presented his research at prestigious organizations and in high-impact scientific journals, so I think this idea may really be gaining traction.  Very exciting.

I was honored when Dr. Boyd told me that my 9-part series on malocclusion is what got him interested in this problem (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9).  His research has of course taken it further than I did, and as a dentist his understanding of malocclusion is deeper than mine.  He's a middle-aged man who is going back to school to do this research, and his enthusiasm is palpable.  Robert Corruccini, a quality anthropology researcher and notable proponent of the idea that malocclusion is a "disease of civilization" and not purely inherited, is one of his advisers.

There were a number of excellent talks, and others that didn't meet my standards for information quality.  Overall, an interesting conference with seemingly less drama than in previous years.

Tuesday, August 20, 2013

Women using statins have a 9% increased risk of breast cancer

This study was published in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2003 Mar;56(3):280-5

Study title and authors:
Statin use and the risk of breast cancer.
Beck P, Wysowski DK, Downey W, Butler-Jones D.
Saskatchewan Health, Population Health Branch, 3475 Albert Street, Regina SK S4S 6X6, Canada. pbeck@health.gov.sk.ca

This study can be accessed at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12725884

The study investigated the association of statin use and breast cancer. The study included 13,592 statin users and 53,880 nonexposed subjects who were followed for up to 8.5 years.

The study found that women using statins had a 9% increased risk of breast cancer compared to women not exposed to statins.

5 Cool Term-Time Jobs

The new school year is starting soon for most of us (and it has already started for some!) and while that means that we have another year of new insights, academic challenges and triumphs, and a whole new set of classes to look forward to, it also is a time of the year when many of us are thinking about our finances.

From http://blog30x30.blogspot.de/2009/06/which-student-are-you.html

There are enough reasons to be stressed without financial worry factoring in, but the truth is that it often does. School is expensive, guys. Even if you look beyond tuition and rent, there are so many other expenses:

Food.
Books.
Supplies.
A computer (and computer repairs, if yours is a little older).
Clothes.
Fun stuff.
Field Trips.
Transportation.

The list goes on and on and on and on, but most students don't have wallets that are equally matched. To mitigate student debt, it can be a really great idea to work during your studies.

But what sorts of part-time jobs can students, without loads of work experience and often with limited availability due to class schedules, get?

1) Babysitting.


This one is tried and true, but it pops up time and time again on these sorts of lists for that very reason. Babysitting is a job that often allows a lot of flexibility and can often also get you more than minimum wage per hour! I personally use Urbansitter and Sittercity to help me find jobs, since network/word of mouth jobs can be hard to get in a new town.

2) Tutoring.

Relatedly, you can give tutoring a go. I know there are some tutoring websites out there, like Wyzant, but I haven't personally had much success with them. These jobs can be even more lucrative than babysitting jobs, paying double or triple the hourly minimum wage rate (and why not start getting some returns on all that hard-earned education?) but they can also be much harder to get. If you want top-dollar pay, you'll usually have to work for a tutoring agency and those tend to only employ tutors with either lots of experience or an actual teaching degree. Some even require master's degrees!

Don't let this be yours.
3) On-campus Jobs.

While these tend to pay around minimum wage, in my experience, some schools are good about trying to keep the hourly wages more fair. These jobs tend to be more flexible and more willing to work around class schedules, but be aware that most jobs will require you to keep up your schedule throughout the busy midterm and final exam periods, since they rely on almost exclusively student workers who are just as busy as you are during those times. On the upside, these jobs can be easier to get than unaffiliated work, especially if you have work-study funding!

4) Petcare.

Whether it's dog-walking, cat-sitting, or the like, these jobs are great as a temporary work option in case you're around during major holidays or if you just want to get some fresh air with 'man's best friend' while lightening the burden of textbook expenses.

5) DIY jobs.

By this, I mean making up your own job! If you want a way to stay active and make some money, you might find that yard work is a good fit for you. Decide what your rate is (keep it fair if you want to get customers) and print out a few flyers with rip-off tabs on the bottom with your phone number or email address. Hang them around campus and, if what you're offering is needed in the air and priced right, you can find yourself making money helping faculty, staff, and other community members in no time!


I hope at least some of these help ease the path to graduation for you!

How do you make extra money?

If you babysit, how do you find jobs?

What's the best part-time job you've ever had?

Saturday, August 17, 2013

Low cholesterol levels may be associated with the development of dementia

This study was published in the Archives of Neurology 2007 Jan;64(1):103-7

Study title and authors:
Twenty-six-year change in total cholesterol levels and incident dementia: the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study.
Stewart R, White LR, Xue QL, Launer LJ.
King's College London (Institute of Psychiatry), Section of Epidemiology, England. r.stewart@iop.kcl.ac.uk

This study can be accessed at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17210816

This study investigated the relationship between cholesterol levels and the risk of dementia. The study included 1,027 men who were followed for 26 years. Over the course of the study the men had their cholesterol levels measured on five occasions and were screened for dementia on two occasions.

The study found that  cholesterol levels in men with dementia and, in particular, those with Alzheimer disease had declined at least 15 years before the diagnosis and remained lower than cholesterol levels in men without dementia throughout that period.

Stewart concluded: "A decline in serum total cholesterol levels may be associated with early stages in the development of dementia".

Friday, August 16, 2013

False dichotomies: moderation.

Feel like you're walking a tightrope? I sang this at Open Mic night on Wednesday, including the orchestration!


There's another internet "punch-up" over moderation in what people eat. Apparently, there are only two options:-

Everything in moderation,
Image from http://www.deltadentalarblog.com/2013/07/ditch-the-junk-help-your-kids-eat-better/
or Nothing in moderation.

As always, it's a case of "It all depends". If, when you're at home, you keep raiding the chocolates from the box or sweets/candies from the tin and you don't want to, don't have them in the house. However, if when you're not at home, someone offers you a chocolate or a small sweet/candy, unless you're so desperate that you'll steal some more or go to a shop and buy some more, eat the chocolate or small sweet/candy. Five grams of sugar won't harm you, even if you're diabetic.

If you have Coeliac Disease and mustn't eat any significant gluten, moderation isn't an option. Ditto, if you have impaired gut integrity and you feel better avoiding gluten. If consuming stuff doesn't cause you medical problems or make you desperate to consume even more, moderation is fine.

EDIT: Sometimes, I ramble in a way that makes it hard for people to understand what I'm talking about. I've emphasised the word "Apparently", as this post is about a perceived false dichotomy (perceived by the "Nothing in moderation" group).